Demand response refers to a range of strategies and technologies used by electricity consumers, such as businesses or households, to reduce their electricity consumption during periods of high demand, in exchange for financial incentives or other rewards. This can help to balance the supply and demand for electricity, reducing the risk of blackouts and maintaining stable energy prices. Demand response programs may involve voluntary actions taken by consumers, such as adjusting their thermostat settings or using less energy during peak hours, or more active measures like installing smart meters or automated control systems to automatically reduce consumption when demand is high. By participating in demand response programs, electricity customers can play an important role in supporting grid reliability and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the power sector.